Tokyo: Japan’s population continues to shrink at an alarming rate, marking the 14th straight year of decline. According to a report by Kyodo News, government estimates show that the population stood at 120.3 million as of October 2024 — a staggering drop of 898,000 compared to the previous year. This marks the sharpest annual decrease ever recorded.
Overall Population Falls, Including Foreign Residents
When foreign residents are included, Japan’s total population was estimated at 123.8 million — a net decline of around 550,000 from the previous year. This figure underscores the country’s deepening demographic crisis, driven by one of the world’s lowest birth rates and an aging society.
Fewer Children, Shrinking Workforce
The population of children aged 14 or younger fell to 13.8 million, representing just 11.2% of the total population. Meanwhile, the working-age group (15 to 64 years old) now comprises 59.6% of the population — a steep drop that raises concerns about labor shortages and future economic productivity.
Aging Nation: Nearly One-Third Over 65
Japan’s senior population continues to rise. Citizens aged 65 and above now account for 29.3% of the total population, while those aged 75 and above make up nearly 17%. This trend is putting immense pressure on Japan’s healthcare system, pension schemes, and social services.
National Challenge: Low Birth Rate Meets Longevity
Japan’s population crisis stems from a complex combination of a falling birth rate and increasing life expectancy. Despite government efforts to boost family support systems and encourage childbirth through subsidies and policy reforms, the downward trend persists.
Experts warn that unless Japan can reverse or at least stabilize its demographic decline — possibly through more inclusive immigration policies and work-life balance reforms — it may face severe long-term economic and social challenges.
